John F. Kennedy's "wheel-and-spokes" system of management was characterized by

John F. Kennedy's "wheel-and-spokes" system of management was characterized by




A) a hierarchical organization with a chief of staff at the top.
B) many aides with equal status balanced against one another in the decision-making process.
C) the president's involvement in every administrative detail.
D) a closed, small network of computers that directly linked the president to his closest advisors through e-mail messages.
E) a streamlined, fast-paced, and efficient decision-making style.





Answer: B


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